Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have rapidly developed into a transformative energy harvesting technology, enabling self-powered, sustainable electronic systems. This review offers the first comprehensive, multidisciplinary perspective that connects the physics of triboelectric charge transfer with material innovation, device engineering, and real-world applications. We systematically categorize and measure the triboelectric series across …

One of the main challenges in silver nanoparticle research is developing a quick, scalable, and environmentally friendly synthesis method that also produces stable particles suitable for various applications. To address this challenge, we propose an eco-friendly, simple and efficient approach using the metal-displacement process that enables room-temperature formation of uniformly …

Designing non-precious metal oxide catalysts for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for advancing large-scale water electrolysis. In response, we report here the synthesis of Mn3O4 and its composite with Fe2O3 using a co-precipitation technique. Detailed structural characterization was performed using the powder X-ray diffraction technique to confirm …

The search for efficient, stable, and positive triboelectric materials is urgently needed to advance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology. Addressing this gap not only enhances device performance but also supports broader sustainability objectives, aligning with SDG-driven efforts toward clean energy, innovation, and responsible material use. While progress has been made with …

Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) have emerged as promising energy harvesters capable of converting waste mechanical energy into usable electrical power for self-powered electronic applications. Traditionally, PENGs require an external poling process to align ferroelectric dipoles and achieve efficient operation. However, reliance on high-voltage poling, time-consuming processing, and potential material degradation limits …

The present study addresses the industrial waste management of nonbiodegradable expired/waste silicone sealants (SS) through triboelectric nanogenerator technology (TENG). It explores the upcycling of waste SS as a frictional layer in a TENG to harness mechanical energy for sustainable applications. Among all the fabricated TENG devices, the SS-fluorinated ethylene propylene …

The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has strengthened the search for new materials in triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) design to improve output and device performance. Although several materials have been studied, the triboelectric series remains limited to a few classes, including oxides, 2D materials, MOFs, and polymers. Developing efficient, low-cost …

Metal-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as versatile nanostructures with tunable properties for energy conversion, storage, and environmental remediation. In this study, we integrate experimental investigations with theoretical modeling to explore the structure–property relationships and multifunctional performance of CNTs decorated with transition metal nanoparticles (Ni, Cu, Ag) and their synergistic …

The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has gained significant attention as a promising method for advancing sustainable energy production and environmentally friendly chemical processes. However, the performance of transition metal dichalcogenides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), is often limited by their poor electrical conductivity and the scarcity of active catalytic …

The increasing accumulation of medical waste, especially discarded pharmaceutical blister packs, poses both environmental risks and missed opportunities for resource recovery. In this work, we demonstrate, for the first time, the direct upcycling of tablet blister waste into a potential frictional layer in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The polymer structure of …

A novel, environmentally friendly, near-infrared (NIR) solar reflective yellow pigment has been successfully developed by incorporating bismuth (Bi3+) and vanadium (V5+) into the yttrium phosphate (YPO4) host lattice. Y(1−x)BixP(1−y)VyO4 (x = y = 0–1) materials with different composition were synthesized using two distinct approaches: the flux-assisted solid-state method (SSM) and …

The Li-ion battery cathode materials LiMn2-x (Smx/2 Fex/2)O4, (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08) were fabricated using the chemical solution method. The powder X-ray diffraction, along with Rietveld refinement, were employed on the samples and confirmed the structure as cubic spinel. The cyclic voltammograms of the synthesized cathodes …

This study uses a novel approach to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) using tartaric acid as a reducing and capping agent via a metal displacement method. The uniqueness of this approach lies in its clean and efficient synthesis route that enables the formation of metallic copper nanoparticles under mild conditions …

The detection and analysis of volatile biomarkers in exhaled breath have emerged as promising non-invasive strategies for early disease diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and personalized healthcare. Traditional gas sensing platforms, however, often face limitations including dependency on external power sources, bulky designs, and inadequate sensitivity or selectivity under physiological conditions. This …

The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has spurred research into advanced energy-harvesting technologies, with triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) emerging as a promising option for converting ambient mechanical energy into electrical power. The present study explores the potential of a novel composite material comprising nickel–aluminum layered double hydroxides (NiAl-LDH) and MXene …

Electronic waste (e-waste) and the use of portable electronic devices are rapidly increasing due to technological advancements globally, leading to harmful effects on the environment. E-waste causes severe environmental damage, such as the pollution of soil, water, and air. Therefore, there is an urge for effective e-waste management, recycling, and …

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), particularly vanadium tetrasulfide (VS4), have demonstrated potential for versatile applications in photochemical, electrochemical, energy harvesting, and energy storage applications over a period of time owing to their unique structural and redox properties. In this study, VS4 was integrated with nickel aluminium layered double hydroxide (LDH) at …

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for energy harvesting through triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Strategic incorporation of functional groups within the MOFs offers a method for tailoring the surface and functional properties of composite materials, thus leading to enhancement in the performance of TENGs. This study investigates the relationship …

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising alternative technology for sustainable energy harvesting, which is aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7). Strategies such as optimizing material selection, modifying surface morphology, and engineering interfacial structures have been explored to enhance TENG performance. However, the role of semiconductor metal …

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are known for their compact size, cost-effectiveness, and high efficiency, offering a renewable and green energy solution. The choice of materials used in TENG construction plays a crucial role in determining their performance and applications. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with their unique architecture and functionality, have emerged as …

The growing demand for sustainable and efficient power sources for low-power consumption electronic devices has directed attention toward triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The present study addresses the challenge of identifying suitable materials that can enhance energy conversion efficiency while maintaining cost-effective and straightforward synthesis techniques. We report the fabrication and performance …

Long afterglow is a fascinating luminescence phenomenon exhibited by certain storage phosphors that emit visible light after being stimulated by ultraviolet rays. Strontium magnesium silicate phosphors doped with europium and dysprosium (Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+) have garnered attention in recent years. Enhancing the afterglow performance of these phosphors remains a significant challenge. …

Medical waste management is a common global issue that causes environmental pollution and poses significant health risks. The present study introduces a sustainable approach to addressing this issue by utilizing discarded medical ointment tubes to fabricate Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) for energy harvesting applications. The discarded metallic ointment tubes with epoxy …

Waste-to-energy research is crucial for reducing environmental pollution and achieving a greener planet. Among many waste-to-energy technologies, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted much attention in using waste materials for energy production in the last decade. This study presents the first reported use of biowaste sea shells (BSS) in the development …

The search for triboelectric materials with cost-effective synthesis methods and easy integration into triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is an intense area of research to explore their potential and achieve high output performance. The current article presents the use of metal–organic framework-303 (MOF-303) as a positive triboelectric material in developing TENGs and …

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained significant attention as a viable solution for energy harvesting, sensing, and self-powered systems. However, their effectiveness heavily relies on the materials employed. Although dielectric polymers, metals, 2D materials, organic and inorganic materials are frequently utilized in TENG design, a critical demand exists for additional materials …

Nowadays, the liquid–solid triboelectric nanogenerator (L-S TENG) has gained much attention among researchers because of its ability to be a part of self-powering technology by harvesting ultra-low-frequency vibration in the environment. The L-S TENG works with the principle of contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction, in which CE takes place …

The widespread adoption of electronic devices has led to a dramatic increase in electronic waste (e-waste), posing significant environmental, human health, economic, and data security concerns while also exacerbating landfill waste. Effective e-waste management strategies are crucial for maintaining a sustainable planet. This article explores the upcycling of e-waste using …

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are fast emerging as promising and potential energy harvesters. However, the performance of the polymer-based TENGs needs to be enhanced for haptic and wearable applications. In this work, we have designed and developed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-based TENG for haptic applications. The unique electrical …

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) have multifunctional applications in energy storage, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, sensors, and flexible electronics. However, utilization of MXenes for energy harvesting applications is limited and started recently with triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). This research paper introduces a simple and cost-effective approach for advancing the …

Sensors play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of life, ensuring safety, and facilitating technological advancements. Over the past decade, 2D layered materials have been added as new sensing element in addition to existing materials such as metal oxides, semiconductors, metals, and polymers. 2D Layered materials are typically characterized …

This study explores using metal–organic framework materials, notably MIL-88 A and BaTiO3, as multifunctional additives within polydimethylsiloxane to boost the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). This novel approach has significantly improved the TENG device's efficiency, making it an effective triboelectric layer. The developed TENG device produces an open-circuit voltage, short-circuit …

In this manuscript, we present a novel approach for integrating Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) into signature stamps, termed Stamp TENG (S-TENG). We have modified a commercially available stamp holder to integrate triboelectric layers for multiple applications like effective energy harvesting, sensing, and embedded electronics for data prediction. S-TENG has been further …

Recently, there has been a lot of focus on developing new waste-to-energy technologies because they help us to provide sustainable energy solutions for future generations. This review paper investigates an innovative waste-to-energy technology known as triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which uses the electrostatic induction and contact electrification principles of physics. The …

Exploring different types of materials in triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) research remains a dynamic and evolving field. This work marks an important milestone in this journey by introducing phosphor material, particularly zinc vanadate (Zn3V2O8, ZVO), into TENG technology for the first time. TENG uses ZVO and silicone films as active triboelectric …

The present manuscript introduces a cost-effective and simple method for creating a Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) that utilizes a stress ball as a base and FEP, Aluminum as triboelectric pairs. The TENG design demonstrates an innovative approach that can be used for energy harvesting, stress relief, and human safety simultaneously. The …

Materials with long afterglow (LAG) became very renowned in the field of luminescence due to their high ability to store energy. However, the development of LAG phosphors is mostly dependent on rare-earth activators, which are commercially expensive due to their limited availability across the world. On the other hand, LAG …

Enhancing the power density of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) poses a significant obstacle to the advancement of self-powered systems. TENGs present numerous advantages such as cost-effectiveness, simplicity in design, and the ability to harness various forms of energy found in nature. Surface modification has emerged as a promising strategy to improve …

Small-scale electronic devices need self-powering technology, and one way to do that is to use mechanical energy harvesters. These devices can turn ambient mechanical energy into electricity. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are the best choice for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, but they have a problem in converting ultra-low vibrations …

This research work presents the development of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) devices utilizing a ZIF-67/PVDF hybrid film and FEP as frictional layers. The ZIF-67/PVDF film was prepared using a solution casting method and exhibited high crystallinity as confirmed by XRD. The average particle size of ZIF-67 powder was found ~ …

Piezoelectric materials have been widely used for various applications like MEMS and energy harvesting. The PZT (PbZr0. 52Ti0.48O3) is one among of all piezoelectric materials, which exhibit vital role for fabrication of devices. The present manuscript is described about PZT powders, which were synthesized by solgel method and yielded powders …

The utilization of waste materials for energy production and storage is gaining significant attention due to its numerous advantages, including waste material reuse and the reduction of environmental pollution. A promising technology in this field is triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), which have proven to be a simple and cost-effective method for …

Metal–organic framework (MOF) materials have become a potential candidate in the field of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, the direct utilization of MOFs in TENG device technology is still a relatively obscured area, with only a limited number of reports addressing this topic. Instead, most of the existing literature investigated composite …

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are a promising technology for harvesting mechanical energy from various sources. In this work, we report on the fabrication and performance of a TENG device using a 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/silicone hybrid film. The synthesis of g-C3N4 was achieved through a low-cost one-step pyrolysis process using …

Latent fingerprint (LFP) imaging is critical for crime scene detection and personal data recognition. In law enforcement applications, there is a great need for new materials that are affordable, environmentally friendly, and extremely sensitive. Here, a dual excitable and intense red-emitting oxide-based nanophosphor, Y2SrZnO5:xEu3+ (x = 0–0.4 mol), was successfully …

A high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been proposed as a solution to the low output power issue that has hindered the practical application of TENGs. The high-performance TENG was achieved through the surface engineering of one of the triboelectric layers. The surface engineering is performed using sandpapers of different grit …

The solution-cast method was used to prepare new solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) that conduct potassium ions and are based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) complexed with potassium nitrate (KNO3). This polymer electrolyte system was characterized using different experimental techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), composition vs. conductivity, …

Nanogenerator (NG) is a potential technology that allows to build self-powered systems, sensors, flexible and portable electronics in the current Internet of Things (IoT) generation. Nanogenerators include piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), convert different forms of mechanical motion into useful electrical signals. They have evolved and expanded their …

This paper discusses the environmental problems posed by medical plastic waste produced in healthcare facilities and explores a suitable way to reutilize the waste through triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device technology. Remarkably, the study investigates the potential of medical waste saline bottles to create energy-harvesting, health-monitoring devices and tactile, humidity-sensing applications. …

Single phase double perovskite oxide (Pr2CrMnO6) based new electrode material was developed for supercapacitor applications. Structural studies reveal monoclinic structure with space group P21/n. The sample exhibit bond angle distortion in the form of octahedral tilt. A signature of distortion in Mn — O — Cr bond angles is visualized …

The 2D materials have seen recent significant development in terms of material features with superior electrochemical capability. This urges for extensive research as potential aspirants for energystorage applications. Herein, the synthesis of MoS2 nanostructures with molar ratio 1:30 (nanosheets) and 1:15 (nanoflower) of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea single-steps hydrothermal …

The increase of plastic waste on the Earth and its associated environmental pollution is a major concern for humankind. The reuse of plastic waste for energy harvesting not only reduces environmental pollution but also generates electricity. In this study, we have used medical plastic waste, such as X-ray films, to …

Energy harvesting from readily available mechanical energy can be a beneficial and promising source for powering micro and nano-scale devices. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) technology proved to be a simple and cost-effective method to harness ambient mechanical energy. In this communication, we are reporting Indium tin oxide coated PET (ITO/PET) sheets …

Structural, magnetic, in-field 57Fe Mössbauer and Raman studies of SrFe8Co2Ti2O19 polycrystalline magneto-electric hexaferrite are reported in this article. From bulk magnetization measurements, a transition is observed at 330 K, which is ascribed to a conical like magnetic transition. The population of spin-up and spin-down sites at tetrahedral and octahedral sites …

In this report, energy harvesting properties of Nafion films were investigated using piezoionic generator (PIOG) and triboelectric generator (TEG) devices. Nafion films were prepared by simple doctor blade deposition of a Nafion ionomer solution onto the aluminum electrode. The Nafion films were characterized for their surface morphology, composition, and crystallinity. …

Low output power, intricate device designs, limitation on scalability, limited production capability, and higher fabrication cost are the major hurdles to use triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as a power source in self-powered device applications. This work reports a high-performance, simple design, and inexpensive TENG using overhead projector (OHP) sheets and ZnO …

Energy harvesting from the ambient environment can be a beneficial and promising source for powering micro- and nanodevices. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology has been proved to be a simple and cost-effective method to harness ambient mechanical energy. The performance of the TENG device mainly depends on the careful selection of …

As people became more aware of environmental issues, several designs of triboelectric energy harvesters based on biocompatible and eco-friendly natural materials have been developed in recent years. This manuscript reports a plant-based green triboelectric nanogenerator using extracted leaf powder of the Rumex vesicarius plant and PET as triboelectric layers. When …

Designing low-cost, Earth-abundant, and non-precious catalysts for electrochemical water oxidation reactions is particularly important for accelerating the development of sustainable energy sources and, further, can be fed to fuel cells. In the present work, we report the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of a metal-oxide catalyst, Mn3O4, and study the …

An oleophobic coating is a coating that repels oils and leaves the surface fingerprint-free, impervious to dirt, dust, grease and other particulates that is easy to clean and maintain. In this study, we observed the presence of both oleophobicity and hydrophilicity when aluminum hydroxide nanoflakes (AHNFs) are mixed with commercial …

The exploration of new triboelectric materials is considered a significant research area to reduce the cost and complexity of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device and improve its energy conversion efficiency. In this report, a new triboelectric material pair has been demonstrated to prepare an inexpensive and high-performance TENG. A low-cost …

We report a double-fold enhancement of piezoelectric nanogenerator output voltage with a simple design strategy. The piezoelectric nanogenerator is fabricated with ZnO nanosheets coated on both sides of the aluminum substrate in this new design strategy with necessary electrodes. The cost-effective hydrothermal method is employed to synthesize two-dimensional (2D) ZnO …

Electrochromic phenomenon is an emerging technology for renewable energy applications. Several material oxides used for the electrochromic application, the tungsten oxide (WO3) has shown good coloration efficiency (CE). Present manuscript, we are reporting the results of the coloration efficiency of DC magnetron sputtered WO3 films for electrochromic applications (thicknesses 190 …

Electrochromic materials change color reversibly by applying an external DC voltage. One among the many emerging application of electrochromics is the smart windows. Tungsten oxide (WO3) is well studied and the most versatile electrochromic material. In the present communication, the tungsten oxide thin films have been prepared (at 300K) on …

Electrochromics is the emerging technology for energy conservation and indoor climatic control through smart windows. In this study we are reporting four layer electrochromic device: ITO (400 nm)/commercially procured Nafion (183 μm)/WO3 (44 nm to 200 nm)/ITO (400 nm). The active area (A) of the electrochromic devices are 3 cm2. …

Tin doped indium oxide (ITO) thin films are being used extensively as transparent conductors in several applications. In the present communication, we report the electrical transport in DC magnetron sputtered ITO thin films (prepared at 300 K and subsequently annealed at 673 K in vacuum for 60 minutes) in low …

Tungsten oxide (WO3−x) based electrochromics on flexible substrates is a topic of recent interest. The present communication reports the electrochromic properties of WO3−x thin films grown on lexan, an optically transparent polycarbonate thermoplastic substrate. The WO3−x films are prepared at room temperature (300 K) by the reactive DC magnetron sputtering …